Mast: The mast is the vertical assembly on a forklift that houses the lifting mechanism. It consists of uprights, rails, and hydraulic cylinders that control the movement of the forks, allowing them to raise and lower.
Hydraulics: Forklifts rely on hydraulic systems to operate various functions. Hydraulic cylinders provide the lifting and tilting action, while hydraulic pumps, valves, and hoses control the flow of hydraulic fluid to these components.
Tires: Forklifts have different types of tires, such as pneumatic (air-filled), solid, or cushion tires. The choice of tire depends on the operating environment and the type of load being handled.
Engine and Powertrain: Internal combustion forklifts have engines that provide the power necessary for operation. The powertrain includes components such as the transmission, differential, drive axle, and clutch or torque converter.
Battery and Charger (for Electric Forklifts): Electric forklifts are powered by batteries. The battery provides the electric power to drive the motor. Forklifts also require chargers to recharge the batteries when they are not in use.
Control System: The control system of a forklift includes the steering mechanism, brake system, and operator controls such as the steering wheel, accelerator pedal, brake pedal, and hydraulic control levers.
Operator Compartment: The operator compartment includes the seat, seatbelt, control console, and other ergonomic features designed for operator comfort and safety during operation.
Lights and Safety Devices: Forklifts are equipped with lights, such as headlights and taillights, to provide visibility in low-light conditions. They may also have safety devices like alarms, backup beepers, and mirrors to enhance safety during operation.
Frame and Chassis: The frame and chassis provide the structural support for the forklift. They are designed to withstand the stresses and loads encountered during lifting and carrying operations.

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